{"id":51169,"date":"2026-10-21T10:37:32","date_gmt":"2026-10-21T05:07:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.foundit.in\/career-advice\/?p=51169"},"modified":"2026-10-21T16:26:00","modified_gmt":"2026-10-21T10:56:00","slug":"infosys-company-interview-questions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.foundit.in\/career-advice\/infosys-company-interview-questions\/","title":{"rendered":"Infosys Interview Questions and Answers: Technical &amp; HR (2026)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Infosys interview questions and answers<\/strong> can cover programming fundamentals, object-oriented programming, C and C++, data structures, DBMS, SQL, computer networks, software testing and HR discussions. The subjects assessed depend on the position, hiring programme and the candidate&rsquo;s academic or professional background.<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For freshers applying to technical roles, preparation may involve coding exercises, fundamental computer science concepts and questions about academic projects. More specialised or experienced positions can require additional assessments of practical engineering skills, architecture, debugging and role-specific technologies.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This article covers <strong>Infosys company interview questions with sample answers<\/strong>, along with the recruitment stages candidates may encounter, aptitude preparation, technical concepts and HR interview topics. It also explains how to evaluate eligibility requirements without assuming that every Infosys vacancy follows the same selection process.<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-group has-background\" ><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key Highlights<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Company overview:<\/strong> Infosys is an Indian multinational company providing digital services, technology solutions and consulting.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Recruitment process:<\/strong> Selection stages may include an online assessment, coding evaluation, technical interview and HR discussion, depending on the role.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Technical subjects:<\/strong> OOP, Java, C\/C++, data structures, DBMS, SQL, networking, software testing and system design.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>HR preparation:<\/strong> Self-introduction, company motivation, strengths, weaknesses, teamwork and shift availability.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Eligibility:<\/strong> Academic qualifications, marks, backlogs and graduation-year requirements must be checked against the specific recruitment notification.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Preparation approach:<\/strong> Practise coding, understand technical concepts, review genuine projects and prepare answers relevant to the advertised role.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">About Infosys: Company Overview<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Infosys Limited<\/strong> is an Indian multinational IT services and consulting company headquartered in Bengaluru. Established in <strong>1981<\/strong>, Infosys works with organisations on technology services, enterprise applications, digital transformation, cloud technologies, artificial intelligence, consulting and related business solutions.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to its official company information, Infosys serves clients across industries and operates internationally. Its work includes technology development, modernisation of enterprise systems, consulting and business process services.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The company&rsquo;s business spans areas such as financial services, manufacturing, retail, healthcare and other sectors. The specific technology stack and responsibilities of an employee depend on their business unit, client project and assigned role.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Company Detail<\/th><th>Information<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Company name<\/td><td>Infosys Limited<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Founded<\/td><td>1981<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Headquarters<\/td><td>Bengaluru, Karnataka, India<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Primary business<\/td><td>IT services, digital solutions and consulting<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Employment opportunities<\/td><td>Technical, consulting, business and other roles, subject to active vacancies<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Official website<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infosys.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.infosys.com<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Candidates preparing for an Infosys interview should research the company&rsquo;s actual services and the position they have applied for. Knowing the organisation&rsquo;s name and founding year is useful, but being able to connect the advertised responsibilities to your skills is more relevant during an interview.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Official source:<\/strong> Infosys provides its corporate background, history and service information on its <a href=\"https:\/\/www.infosys.com\/about\/overview.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">company overview page<\/a>.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Infosys Interview Process: Selection Stages and Evaluation<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>Infosys recruitment process<\/strong> varies according to the job role, candidate category, hiring programme and recruitment channel. A campus placement process for fresh graduates may differ from an off-campus technical hiring programme or an experienced-professional recruitment process.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Recruitment may involve screening, online assessments, programming evaluations and interviews. However, <strong>not every candidate must complete every stage listed below<\/strong>. The official job posting and recruitment communication should be treated as the source for the actual process.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Possible Selection Stage<\/th><th>What It May Involve<\/th><th>How to Prepare<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Application and eligibility screening<\/td><td>Review of qualifications, graduation details, experience and job requirements<\/td><td>Check eligibility and ensure application information matches documents<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Online assessment<\/td><td>Aptitude, reasoning, verbal ability or technical questions, depending on the hiring programme<\/td><td>Practise the subjects listed in the assessment instructions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Coding or technical assessment<\/td><td>Programming, algorithms, problem-solving or role-specific tasks<\/td><td>Practise writing, testing and explaining code<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Technical interview<\/td><td>Programming fundamentals, databases, projects and relevant technical concepts<\/td><td>Review core subjects and prepare to explain your own work<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>HR or behavioural discussion<\/td><td>Communication, professional motivation, availability and relevant workplace scenarios<\/td><td>Prepare genuine examples and understand the job responsibilities<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Additional role-specific discussion<\/td><td>Managerial, project-based or specialised technical evaluation where required<\/td><td>Review relevant responsibilities, decisions and practical experience<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The number, order and format of the stages may differ. Some hiring processes combine technical and HR questions in one interview, while others conduct separate assessments.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Happens During an Infosys Technical Interview?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For entry-level software development and technical positions, interviewers may assess programming concepts, object-oriented programming, database fundamentals, SQL, data structures and the candidate&rsquo;s academic projects.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A question may begin with a definition and continue with an implementation example. For instance, after explaining inheritance in Java, a candidate might be asked to describe how inheritance differs from interfaces or why composition may be preferable in a particular design.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Technical preparation should therefore include three elements: understanding the concept, applying it in code or an example, and explaining the relevant limitations or trade-offs.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>For experienced candidates:<\/strong> Discussions may place greater emphasis on responsibilities from previous employment, architecture, debugging, implementation choices and technologies directly related to the position.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Happens During an Infosys HR Interview?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An HR or behavioural discussion may cover the candidate&rsquo;s education, employment background, motivation for applying, communication skills, teamwork, preferred location and willingness to meet the role&rsquo;s working arrangements.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Freshers should prepare an accurate self-introduction and examples from academic projects, internships, group assignments or other genuine activities. Experienced applicants should be ready to explain their professional responsibilities and reasons for considering a new position.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Answers should remain consistent with the resume and application. Candidates should not invent projects, experience or achievements to make a stronger impression.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Infosys Aptitude Test: Subjects and Preparation<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An online assessment may form part of an Infosys fresher recruitment process. However, the assessment format depends on the hiring programme and vacancy. Candidates should not assume that every Infosys online test contains an identical number of questions, sections or time limits.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Depending on the assessment, preparation areas may include numerical reasoning, logical reasoning, verbal ability, programming fundamentals and coding problems.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Preparation Area<\/th><th>Topics to Review<\/th><th>Practice Approach<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Quantitative aptitude<\/td><td>Percentages, ratios, averages, time and work, probability and numerical problem-solving<\/td><td>Solve timed questions and review calculation errors<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Logical reasoning<\/td><td>Patterns, sequences, arrangements, analytical puzzles and data interpretation<\/td><td>Explain the reasoning behind each solution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Verbal ability<\/td><td>Reading comprehension, vocabulary, grammar and sentence structure<\/td><td>Practise comprehension and accurate written responses<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Pseudocode and programming logic<\/td><td>Conditions, loops, functions, variables and tracing program execution<\/td><td>Predict outputs and identify logic errors<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Coding assessment<\/td><td>Programming, data structures, algorithms and handling edge cases<\/td><td>Write working solutions and test them with representative inputs<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This table identifies useful areas for general preparation; it is <strong>not a confirmed syllabus for every Infosys assessment in 2026<\/strong>. Candidates should use the instructions issued for their particular test to identify the topics, permitted programming languages, duration and evaluation format.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Should Freshers Prepare for an Infosys Online Assessment?<\/h3><ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Check the assessment instructions:<\/strong> Confirm the actual sections, timing, technical requirements and rules provided for your recruitment process.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Revise fundamentals:<\/strong> Review the mathematical, reasoning and programming subjects relevant to the advertised role.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Practise coding:<\/strong> Solve problems using a programming language permitted by the assessment, where applicable.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Test edge cases:<\/strong> Check empty inputs, duplicates, boundary values and other conditions relevant to each coding problem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Manage time:<\/strong> Practise representative problems under timed conditions without relying on unverified claims about the actual test pattern.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Review mistakes:<\/strong> Understand why an answer was incorrect instead of simply memorising solutions.<\/li>\n<\/ol><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Coding preparation is particularly relevant for positions that explicitly include programming assessments. Candidates applying for non-programming roles should prioritise the skills and evaluation criteria identified in their recruitment communication.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Infosys Eligibility Criteria for Freshers<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Infosys eligibility requirements vary by job role, hiring programme and recruitment cycle.<\/strong> Candidates should verify academic qualifications, eligible graduation batches, degree requirements, minimum marks, backlog conditions and any other restrictions directly from the relevant recruitment notification.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some recruitment programmes may specify minimum percentages or CGPA thresholds. However, a single fixed cutoff such as 60% throughout Class 10, Class 12 and graduation should not be treated as universally applicable to every Infosys vacancy.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Eligibility Factor<\/th><th>What Candidates Should Verify<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Educational qualification<\/td><td>Accepted degrees, disciplines and specialisations for the advertised position<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Academic performance<\/td><td>Any minimum percentage or CGPA requirements and specified conversion rules<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Graduation year<\/td><td>Eligible passing-out batches and whether results must already be declared<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Backlogs<\/td><td>Whether active or previously cleared backlogs are permitted<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Academic gaps<\/td><td>Any restrictions or documentation requirements stated by the employer<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Technical skills<\/td><td>Required programming languages, tools or other job-specific abilities<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Work location and availability<\/td><td>Relevant location, joining or schedule conditions for the position<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Illustrative scenario:<\/strong> A fresher with a bachelor&rsquo;s degree in computer science may meet the educational requirements for one technical hiring programme but not necessarily every specialised position. Eligibility must be assessed against the exact advertised criteria rather than the candidate&rsquo;s degree title alone.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If a vacancy specifies a marks threshold, confirm whether it applies separately to school and graduation results, whether rounding is permitted and how equivalent grades are calculated. Do not assume that the same conversion method is accepted across institutions or recruitment programmes.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Where to check:<\/strong> Use the job description, official assessment invitation and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.infosys.com\/careers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Infosys Careers website<\/a> for recruitment-related instructions. The precise requirements for your position take precedence over general interview-preparation articles.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Recruitment safety:<\/strong> Verify interview invitations and recruitment communications through legitimate company channels. Avoid sending payments or sensitive credentials in response to unexpected recruitment messages.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Infosys Technical Interview Questions and Answers<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Technical interviews for Infosys software development and related roles may assess programming fundamentals, object-oriented concepts, database knowledge, problem-solving and the ability to explain code. The subjects vary by position and hiring programme, so the questions below should be treated as preparation examples rather than a confirmed list asked in every Infosys interview.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For freshers, interviewers may begin with a definition and then ask for an example or a comparison. Candidates should practise explaining why a concept is useful, how it behaves in a particular programming language and where mistakes commonly occur.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Infosys OOP and Java Interview Questions<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Object-oriented programming (OOP) organises software around objects that combine state and behaviour. Java, C++ and several other languages support object-oriented programming, although their inheritance models, access controls and implementation details differ.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. What Is an Object in Object-Oriented Programming?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> An object is an entity in a program that has state, behaviour and identity. In class-based programming languages such as Java, objects are commonly created as instances of classes.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The object&rsquo;s state is represented through fields, while its behaviour is represented through methods. Two objects created from the same class can have different field values and represent different entities.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Java example:<\/strong><\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>class Cart  \n}\n\nclass Main  \n}<\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here, <code>Cart<\/code> is the class and <code>cart<\/code> refers to an object created from it. The object stores its own <code>itemCount<\/code> and provides an <code>addItem()<\/code> method to change that value.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Distinguish an object from the variable that refers to it. In Java, <code>cart<\/code> is a reference variable, while <code>new Cart()<\/code> creates the object.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. What Is a Class in OOP?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> A class defines a type of object, including its fields, methods, constructors and applicable access controls. In Java, a class can be used to create multiple objects that follow the same definition.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example, a <code>Customer<\/code> class may define customer details and methods for performing permitted operations. Each customer object can maintain its own values.<\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>class Customer  \n\n    void displayName()  \n}\n\nclass Main  \n}<\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The two objects are instances of the same class but contain different customer names. The constructor initialises each object&rsquo;s state when it is created.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Explain the class as a definition and the object as an instance. Also remember that not every class must be instantiated directly; Java supports abstract classes and other type definitions with different rules.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. What Are the Four Main Principles of OOP?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> The four commonly taught principles of object-oriented programming are <strong>encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance and polymorphism<\/strong>.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Principle<\/th><th>Meaning<\/th><th>Example<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Encapsulation<\/td><td>Combines related state and behaviour and controls access to implementation details<\/td><td>A bank account exposes methods for permitted operations rather than allowing unrestricted field changes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Abstraction<\/td><td>Exposes relevant operations while hiding unnecessary implementation details<\/td><td>A payment interface defines a payment operation without requiring callers to know each provider&rsquo;s implementation<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Inheritance<\/td><td>Allows a subclass to extend or specialise another class, subject to language rules<\/td><td>A specialised employee class inherits applicable behaviour from a base employee class<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Polymorphism<\/td><td>Allows a common interface or operation to work with different implementations<\/td><td>Different payment implementations respond to the same payment operation<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Practical example:<\/strong> An application may define a <code>PaymentMethod<\/code> interface with a <code>pay()<\/code> operation. Card and wallet payment classes can implement that interface differently. The calling code can use the common interface without depending on every implementation detail.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important distinction:<\/strong> Encapsulation and abstraction are related but not identical. Encapsulation concerns grouping state and behaviour with appropriate access control, while abstraction concerns the interface through which relevant capabilities are presented.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Prepare one accurate example for each principle. Explaining an example is more useful than memorising four definitions without understanding their differences.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Does Java Support Multiple Inheritance?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Java does not allow a class to extend more than one class directly. However, a class can implement multiple interfaces, and an interface can extend multiple interfaces.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This distinction is important because implementing multiple interfaces is not the same as inheriting the implementation and state of multiple parent classes.<\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>interface Printer  \n\ninterface Scanner  \n\nclass MultiFunctionDevice implements Printer, Scanner  \n\n    public void scan()  \n}<\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <code>MultiFunctionDevice<\/code> class implements both interfaces and supplies the required methods.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Technical consideration:<\/strong> Java interfaces can also contain default methods. If a class inherits conflicting default methods from multiple interfaces, it may need to resolve the conflict explicitly by overriding the method.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Avoid saying simply that Java supports or does not support multiple inheritance. Explain the difference between extending classes and implementing multiple interfaces.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. What Is the Difference Between Method Overloading and Method Overriding?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Method overloading occurs when methods share a name but have different parameter lists. Method overriding occurs when a subclass provides its own compatible implementation of an inherited method.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Aspect<\/th><th>Method Overloading<\/th><th>Method Overriding<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Definition<\/td><td>Same method name with different parameter lists<\/td><td>Subclass supplies a compatible implementation of an inherited method<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Inheritance required?<\/td><td>No<\/td><td>Yes, through an applicable inherited method<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Method selection<\/td><td>Resolved using compile-time information in Java<\/td><td>Instance-method implementation is selected through dynamic dispatch<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Return type alone<\/td><td>Cannot distinguish overloads in Java<\/td><td>Must follow overriding return-type compatibility rules<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Overloading example:<\/strong><\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>class Calculator  \n\n    double add(double a, double b)  \n}<\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Overriding example:<\/strong><\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>class Animal  \n}\n\nclass Dog extends Animal  \n}<\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Know that Java static methods are hidden rather than overridden, and private methods are not overridden by subclasses. Explain method resolution rather than relying only on the terms compile-time and runtime polymorphism.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. What Is a Constructor in Java?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> A constructor is a special class member used to initialise a new object. In Java, a constructor has the same name as its class and does not declare a return type.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Constructors can accept parameters, allowing an object to receive required values when it is created. A class can have multiple constructors with different parameter lists.<\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>class Employee  \n\n    String getName()  \n}\n\nclass Main  \n}<\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here, the constructor receives a name and assigns it to the object&rsquo;s field. The <code>final<\/code> field must be initialised according to Java&rsquo;s definite-assignment rules.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important distinction:<\/strong> A constructor is not an ordinary inherited method. If a class declares no constructors, the Java compiler can provide a default no-argument constructor, subject to the language&rsquo;s rules. If a constructor is explicitly declared, that implicit default constructor is not automatically added.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Be ready to explain constructor overloading, <code>this()<\/code>, <code>super()<\/code> and why a constructor differs from a normal method.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. What Are Access Modifiers in Java?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Access modifiers control where Java classes and class members can be accessed. They help define interfaces between components and restrict direct access to implementation details.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Access Level<\/th><th>General Accessibility<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><code>public<\/code><\/td><td>Accessible wherever the declaration is otherwise visible and applicable language and module rules permit access<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>protected<\/code><\/td><td>Accessible within the package and through qualifying subclass access under Java&rsquo;s rules<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>No explicit modifier<\/td><td>Package-private access, generally limited to the same package<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>private<\/code><\/td><td>Access restricted according to Java&rsquo;s private-member rules, including permitted access within the enclosing class or nest<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Example:<\/strong><\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>class Account  \n\n    public void deposit(int amount)  \n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <code>balance<\/code> field is not directly accessible from unrelated external code. The class exposes methods through which permitted operations can be performed.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important:<\/strong> Access modifiers support encapsulation but are not a replacement for complete application security or business-rule validation. In a real financial system, additional controls and appropriate numeric types would be necessary.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Explain all four Java access levels, including package-private access. Java&rsquo;s top-level classes and class members do not have identical sets of permitted modifiers.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. What Is Inheritance in OOP, and What Are Its Types?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Inheritance allows a class to extend another class, acquiring applicable inherited members and supporting specialised behaviour. It is commonly used to model an appropriate &ldquo;is-a&rdquo; relationship between types.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Different inheritance structures are commonly described as follows:<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Inheritance Type<\/th><th>Description<\/th><th>Java Class Support<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Single<\/td><td>One subclass extends one superclass<\/td><td>Supported<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Multilevel<\/td><td>A class extends another class that already extends a superclass<\/td><td>Supported<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Hierarchical<\/td><td>Multiple subclasses extend the same superclass<\/td><td>Supported<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Multiple<\/td><td>One class directly inherits from more than one superclass<\/td><td>Not supported for Java classes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Hybrid<\/td><td>Combines multiple inheritance patterns<\/td><td>Depends on the structure; Java class inheritance remains single-parent<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Java example:<\/strong><\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>class Employee  \n}\n\nclass Manager extends Employee  \n}\n\nclass Main  \n}<\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>Manager<\/code> inherits the accessible <code>checkIn()<\/code> method from <code>Employee<\/code> and adds its own <code>approveLeave()<\/code> behaviour.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Design consideration:<\/strong> Inheritance is not automatically the best way to reuse code. Composition, where an object contains or works with other objects, may provide greater flexibility when the relationship is not genuinely an &ldquo;is-a&rdquo; relationship.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Distinguish inheritance in Java classes from implementing interfaces. Also explain why excessive inheritance can make software difficult to modify.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Infosys C and C++ Interview Questions<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C and C++ questions may assess program compilation, variables, memory, pointers, arrays and language-specific behaviour. These subjects are useful for positions that require programming fundamentals, although candidates should prioritise the languages listed in their actual job description.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following examples distinguish C concepts from C++ behaviour where relevant. Some terms are similar across both languages, but their rules and standard libraries are not identical.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. What Is a Preprocessor in C and C++?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> The preprocessor handles preprocessing directives before the main compilation stages. Common directives include <code>#include<\/code>, <code>#define<\/code>, <code>#if<\/code> and <code>#ifdef<\/code>.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Preprocessing can incorporate header content, expand macros and conditionally include sections of source code.<\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n\n#define MAX_RETRIES 3\n\nint main(void)  <\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In this C example, <code>#include<\/code> makes the relevant declarations from <code>stdio.h<\/code> available, while the macro <code>MAX_RETRIES<\/code> is expanded during preprocessing.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important distinction:<\/strong> A macro is not the same as a typed variable or constant. Macros are processed through preprocessing rules, which can cause unexpected behaviour when function-like macros are written without appropriate care.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Explain the roles of header inclusion, macros and conditional compilation. Avoid saying that the preprocessor performs the complete compilation of the program.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10. Why Is stdio.h Used in C Programs?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> <code>&lt;stdio.h&gt;<\/code> is a standard C header that declares functions, types and macros associated with input and output operations.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It provides declarations for functions such as <code>printf()<\/code>, <code>scanf()<\/code>, <code>fgets()<\/code>, <code>fopen()<\/code> and <code>fclose()<\/code>.<\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n\nint main(void)  <\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <code>printf()<\/code> call writes formatted output to standard output. Including <code>stdio.h<\/code> provides the function declaration needed for the compiler to check the call appropriately.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C++ distinction:<\/strong> C++ also provides its own standard input\/output facilities, including <code>&lt;iostream&gt;<\/code> and the <code>std::cout<\/code> output stream.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Do not say that input or output is impossible without <code>stdio.h<\/code>. It is the standard C interface for relevant operations, but other libraries and system interfaces can also provide input\/output capabilities.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">11. What Is a Null Pointer in C?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> A null pointer is a pointer value that does not point to an object or function. In C, a null pointer constant such as <code>NULL<\/code> can be used to initialise or compare a pointer.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Setting a pointer to a null value can help represent the absence of a valid target. However, dereferencing a null pointer results in undefined behaviour.<\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n\nint main(void)  \n\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The condition checks whether <code>value<\/code> is a null pointer before attempting any operation that would access a pointed-to integer.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important:<\/strong> A null pointer should not be defined simply as a pointer containing numeric address zero. The C language defines null pointer semantics independently of the underlying machine representation.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Explain the difference between a null pointer, an uninitialised pointer and a dangling pointer. They represent different situations and potential programming errors.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">12. What Is a Pointer to a Pointer in C?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> A pointer to a pointer stores the address of another pointer object. For example, an <code>int **<\/code> can point to an <code>int *<\/code>, which in turn points to an integer.<\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n\nint main(void)  <\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The expression <code>*ptr_to_ptr<\/code> accesses the first pointer. The expression <code>**ptr_to_ptr<\/code> follows both levels of indirection and accesses the integer value, which is 10 in this example.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Practical applications:<\/strong> Double pointers are used in some functions that need to modify a caller&rsquo;s pointer, in dynamic data structures and in representations such as arrays of pointers.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Explain each level of indirection separately. Dereferencing is valid only when the pointers involved refer to suitable accessible objects.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">13. What Is the Difference Between Local and Global Variables in C?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> A local variable is declared within a block and has block scope. A variable defined outside functions at file scope is often informally called a global variable.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The distinction involves <strong>scope, storage duration and linkage<\/strong>, which are separate concepts in C.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Aspect<\/th><th>Typical Local Variable<\/th><th>File-Scope Variable<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Scope<\/td><td>Visible within its declaring block from the applicable declaration point<\/td><td>Visible at file scope from its declaration point, subject to declarations and linkage<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Storage duration<\/td><td>Usually automatic unless declared with a different storage-class specifier<\/td><td>Static storage duration<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Initialisation<\/td><td>Uninitialised automatic objects do not receive the same default zero-initialisation guarantee<\/td><td>Objects with static storage duration are zero-initialised when no explicit initialiser is provided<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Use<\/td><td>Temporary calculations and function-specific state<\/td><td>State intentionally shared across appropriate program components<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C example:<\/strong><\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n\nint total = 100;\n\nvoid showTotal(void)  \n\nint main(void)  <\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The file-scope variable <code>total<\/code> can be used by <code>showTotal()<\/code>, while <code>adjustment<\/code> is declared within that function.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important distinction:<\/strong> A block-scope variable declared with <code>static<\/code> has static storage duration even though its scope remains limited to its block. Similarly, a file-scope variable declared <code>static<\/code> has internal linkage rather than being available by name across the entire program.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Avoid saying that all local variables exist only while their function executes or that all global variables are automatically accessible from every source file. Explain the relevant language rules.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">14. What Does return 0 Mean in a C or C++ Program?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Returning <code>0<\/code> from the <code>main()<\/code> function indicates successful program termination according to the relevant language&rsquo;s hosted execution rules.<\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n\nint main(void)  <\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <code>return 0;<\/code> statement ends the <code>main()<\/code> function with a successful termination status. In hosted C and C++ programs, reaching the closing brace of <code>main()<\/code> also has defined successful-return behaviour.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important distinction:<\/strong> A return value of zero does not independently prove that the program&rsquo;s calculations were correct or that every intended operation succeeded. It communicates the termination status chosen by the program.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For functions other than <code>main()<\/code>, returning zero has no universal meaning. It may represent a numeric result, a status code or another value according to the function&rsquo;s contract.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Explain the difference between returning from <code>main()<\/code> and returning a value from an ordinary function.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">15. What Are Pointers in C++?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> A pointer is an object that can store an address identifying another object or function, subject to the language&rsquo;s pointer-type rules. Pointers support indirect access to data and are used in various memory-management and data-structure implementations.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In C++, the address-of operator <code>&amp;<\/code> can obtain the address of a suitable object, while the dereference operator <code>*<\/code> can access an object through a valid pointer.<\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#include &lt;iostream&gt;\n\nint main()  <\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The pointer <code>scorePtr<\/code> refers to <code>score<\/code>. Assigning through <code>*scorePtr<\/code> changes the original integer, so the program prints 90.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Modern C++ consideration:<\/strong> Raw pointers are useful for some non-owning relationships and low-level interfaces, but owning dynamically allocated resources should generally use appropriate resource-management abstractions. Standard containers and smart pointers such as <code>std::unique_ptr<\/code> can reduce certain memory-management risks.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Be prepared to discuss null pointers, dangling pointers, object lifetimes and the difference between pointers and references in C++.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">16. What Is the Difference Between an Array and a Pointer?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> An array is a collection of elements of the same type stored contiguously. A pointer is a separate type of object that can hold an address. Arrays and pointers are closely related in many C and C++ expressions, but they are not interchangeable concepts.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In many expressions, an array expression is converted to a pointer to its first element. However, this conversion does not make the array itself a pointer variable.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Aspect<\/th><th>Array<\/th><th>Pointer<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Meaning<\/td><td>Stores a sequence of elements<\/td><td>Stores an address or another permitted pointer value<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Memory layout<\/td><td>Elements occupy contiguous storage<\/td><td>Pointer object has its own representation and storage<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Assignment<\/td><td>Built-in arrays cannot be assigned as complete arrays<\/td><td>Pointer variables can generally be assigned compatible pointer values<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>sizeof<\/code><\/td><td>For an actual array expression outside relevant conversions, gives the array&rsquo;s total size in bytes<\/td><td>Gives the size of the pointer object<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Bounds<\/td><td>Array type can include a defined element count<\/td><td>A raw pointer alone does not generally record the number of accessible elements<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C example:<\/strong><\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n\nint main(void)  ;\n    int *ptr = values;\n\n    printf(\"%d\\n\", values[1]);\n    printf(\"%d\\n\", ptr[1]);\n\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Both expressions access the second element of the same array and print 20. Here, <code>values<\/code> is an array, while <code>ptr<\/code> is a pointer initialised with the address of its first element.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important distinction:<\/strong> When an array is used as a function parameter in a declaration such as <code>void process(int values[])<\/code>, the parameter is adjusted to a pointer type. Its declared array notation does not preserve the original element count automatically.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Explain array-to-pointer conversion, pointer arithmetic, <code>sizeof<\/code> and bounds safety. In modern C++, containers such as <code>std::array<\/code> and <code>std::vector<\/code> are often preferable to built-in arrays for application-level data storage.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Infosys Data Structures Interview Questions<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Data structures determine how information is organised, accessed and modified within a program. For entry-level technical interviews, candidates may need to identify common data structures, explain their operations and choose an appropriate structure for a given problem.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The right choice depends on the operations required, expected data volume, memory constraints and performance characteristics. Candidates should understand the reasoning behind a choice rather than assuming that one data structure is always better than another.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">17. What Are Common Data Structures in C++?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Common data structures include arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, hash tables, trees and graphs. C++ also provides standard library containers that implement useful data organisation and access patterns.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Data Structure<\/th><th>Typical Characteristic<\/th><th>Common Application<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Array<\/td><td>Elements are stored contiguously and support indexed access<\/td><td>Accessing elements by position<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Linked list<\/td><td>Elements are connected through links rather than requiring contiguous storage<\/td><td>Applications requiring appropriate insertion and removal patterns<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Stack<\/td><td>Last In, First Out (LIFO)<\/td><td>Expression evaluation, undo operations and algorithmic processing<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Queue<\/td><td>First In, First Out (FIFO)<\/td><td>Processing tasks or requests in arrival order<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Hash table<\/td><td>Uses hashing for key-based operations<\/td><td>Dictionaries, lookup tables and frequency counting<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tree<\/td><td>Organises elements through hierarchical relationships<\/td><td>Hierarchical data, ordered searching and indexing<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Graph<\/td><td>Represents vertices and their relationships<\/td><td>Networks, dependency analysis and route finding<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In C++, <code>std::vector<\/code> provides a dynamically sized contiguous sequence, <code>std::stack<\/code> and <code>std::queue<\/code> provide container adaptors, while <code>std::unordered_map<\/code> supports hash-based key-value storage.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C++ example:<\/strong> The following program uses a stack to demonstrate Last In, First Out behaviour.<\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#include &lt;iostream&gt;\n#include &lt;stack&gt;\n\nint main()  <\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The first output is 30 because it was the most recently added element. After removing it, the next element at the top is 20.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Understand the time complexity of common operations. For example, array indexing is normally constant time, while searching an unsorted array is generally linear time. Hash-table operations often have average constant-time complexity, but worst-case behaviour can differ.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Infosys DBMS and SQL Interview Questions<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Database questions may assess how candidates store information, define tables, maintain relationships and retrieve records using SQL. For software development and related positions, interviewers may also ask about indexes, constraints, joins and transaction behaviour.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SQL behaviour can vary across database products. Candidates should clarify whether a question concerns general relational concepts or the specific behaviour of systems such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle Database or Microsoft SQL Server.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">18. What Is a Database Management System (DBMS)?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> A Database Management System (DBMS) is software used to define, store, retrieve, update and manage data. It provides mechanisms for interacting with databases and may support security, transactions, concurrency control, backup and recovery.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A <strong>relational DBMS (RDBMS)<\/strong> organises data using a relational model. Systems such as PostgreSQL, MySQL and Oracle Database support SQL for defining and querying relational data.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Illustrative example:<\/strong> An online shopping application may store customer, product and order information in a relational database. The DBMS processes requests to insert orders, retrieve product details and update the appropriate records.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The DBMS helps coordinate data operations, but application developers must still define appropriate tables, constraints, transactions and permissions. Using a DBMS does not automatically guarantee that every record is correct.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Distinguish a database, which contains organised data, from a DBMS, which is the software used to manage that data. Be ready to explain how relational databases differ from document-oriented or key-value databases.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">19. What Are the Main Advantages of a DBMS?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> A DBMS provides facilities for organising information, controlling access, supporting concurrent operations and maintaining data according to defined rules.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Capability<\/th><th>Why It Matters<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Data organisation<\/td><td>Provides defined structures and interfaces for storing and retrieving information<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Integrity constraints<\/td><td>Can enforce rules such as uniqueness, required values and applicable relationships<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Access control<\/td><td>Supports permissions that restrict authorised users and operations<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Transactions<\/td><td>Can coordinate related data changes according to supported transaction guarantees<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Concurrency<\/td><td>Allows multiple operations to execute with defined isolation and coordination behaviour<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Backup and recovery<\/td><td>Provides facilities that can help restore data after selected failures<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Query processing<\/td><td>Supports efficient retrieval through query planning, indexes and other mechanisms<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Example:<\/strong> When a customer transfers money between two bank accounts, the application may need both the debit and credit operations to succeed together. A suitable database transaction can help prevent a partially completed transfer.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important distinction:<\/strong> A DBMS does not automatically remove data duplication or make every query faster. These outcomes depend on schema design, constraints, indexing, application logic and the database engine.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Connect database capabilities to an example involving consistency, concurrent users or recovery. Avoid making universal claims that all database systems offer identical guarantees.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">20. What Is an Object-Relational Database Management System (ORDBMS)?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> An Object-Relational Database Management System combines relational database capabilities with selected object-oriented or extended data-type features.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Depending on the database, these features can include user-defined types, complex structured values, specialised operators and other extensions beyond a basic relational data model.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Example:<\/strong> PostgreSQL supports user-defined types, composite types and extensible functionality. These capabilities allow applications to represent certain complex data structures while retaining relational querying features.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An object-relational database should not be confused with an <strong>Object-Relational Mapper (ORM)<\/strong>. An ORM is an application-layer technology that maps program objects to database records, whereas an ORDBMS describes capabilities of the database system itself.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Explain what makes an object-relational database different from a conventional relational model and from an object-oriented programming library. Use an actual database feature as your example.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">21. What Is a Database Schema?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> A database schema describes the logical structure of database objects and their relationships. In a relational database, this can include tables, columns, data types, keys, constraints and other defined objects.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example, a simple customer-order database might contain a <code>customers<\/code> table and an <code>orders<\/code> table. A foreign-key relationship can connect each order to a customer record.<\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>CREATE TABLE customers (\n    customer_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,\n    customer_name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL\n);\n\nCREATE TABLE orders (\n    order_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,\n    customer_id INTEGER NOT NULL,\n    FOREIGN KEY (customer_id)\n        REFERENCES customers(customer_id)\n);<\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This example defines two tables and a relationship between them. The foreign-key constraint helps prevent an order from referencing a customer identifier that does not exist, subject to the database&rsquo;s enforcement rules.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important distinction:<\/strong> Some database products also use the word <code>schema<\/code> to describe a named namespace containing database objects. The exact meaning depends on context.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Explain primary keys, foreign keys and data types when describing a schema. Be prepared to distinguish a schema definition from the actual records stored in its tables.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">22. What Is the Difference Between DDL and DML in SQL?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Data Definition Language (DDL) refers to SQL statements used to define or modify database structures. Data Manipulation Language (DML) refers to statements used to modify stored data.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Aspect<\/th><th>DDL<\/th><th>DML<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Purpose<\/td><td>Defines or changes database objects<\/td><td>Modifies data stored in database objects<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Common commands<\/td><td><code>CREATE<\/code>, <code>ALTER<\/code>, <code>DROP<\/code><\/td><td><code>INSERT<\/code>, <code>UPDATE<\/code>, <code>DELETE<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Example<\/td><td>Create a new employee table<\/td><td>Insert or update employee records<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Transaction behaviour<\/td><td>Depends on the SQL engine and operation<\/td><td>Depends on transaction configuration and the SQL engine<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>DDL example:<\/strong><\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>CREATE TABLE employees (\n    employee_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,\n    employee_name VARCHAR(100)\n);<\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>DML example:<\/strong><\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>INSERT INTO employees (\n    employee_id,\n    employee_name\n)\nVALUES (1, 'Anita');<\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>SQL terminology:<\/strong> <code>SELECT<\/code> is often discussed separately as Data Query Language (DQL), although some teaching materials include retrieval within broader DML classifications. These categories are instructional conventions rather than guarantees about every database&rsquo;s transaction semantics.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Explain what each statement changes. Do not assume that all DDL commands automatically commit transactions or cannot be rolled back across every database system.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">23. What Is the Difference Between TRUNCATE and DELETE in SQL?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> <code>DELETE<\/code> removes rows from a table, usually with an optional condition. <code>TRUNCATE<\/code> is generally used to remove all rows from a table through an operation whose supported behaviour depends on the database engine.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Aspect<\/th><th>DELETE<\/th><th>TRUNCATE<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Row selection<\/td><td>Can use a <code>WHERE<\/code> condition to target selected rows<\/td><td>Generally removes all rows from the specified table<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Typical operation<\/td><td>Removes rows according to the statement and database implementation<\/td><td>May use more efficient table-level mechanisms<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Transaction rollback<\/td><td>Depends on transaction handling and whether changes are committed<\/td><td>Depends on the database; some systems support transactional rollback<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Triggers and constraints<\/td><td>Follows the engine&rsquo;s rules for DELETE triggers and constraints<\/td><td>May follow different rules for triggers, foreign keys and other constraints<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Identity or sequence behaviour<\/td><td>Usually follows standard row-deletion behaviour<\/td><td>Identity-reset behaviour varies by engine and options<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>DELETE example:<\/strong><\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>DELETE FROM employees\nWHERE employee_id = 10;<\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This removes rows matching the condition.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>TRUNCATE example:<\/strong><\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>TRUNCATE TABLE employees;<\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The second command requests removal of all rows, subject to the database&rsquo;s permissions, constraints and execution rules.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important technical correction:<\/strong> It is inaccurate to say that <code>TRUNCATE<\/code> can never be rolled back. PostgreSQL, for example, supports transactional rollback of <code>TRUNCATE<\/code>, while other database systems may apply different implicit-commit rules.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Clarify the database product before making claims about speed, rollback, identity columns or trigger behaviour. Both commands can have serious consequences when used against production data.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">24. Why Are Indexes Used in SQL Databases?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> A database index is a data structure that can help the query engine locate relevant records without examining every row of a table. Its usefulness depends on query patterns, selectivity and the database&rsquo;s execution plan.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Indexes may support queries involving filtering, joins, ordering and other operations, but their effectiveness varies.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Illustrative example:<\/strong> Consider an <code>employees<\/code> table containing a <code>department_id<\/code> column. If queries frequently filter employees by department, an index on this column may improve retrieval performance, depending on the data distribution and query execution plan.<\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>CREATE INDEX idx_employees_department\nON employees(department_id);<\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This statement creates an index on <code>department_id<\/code>, assuming that column exists and the database supports the syntax. The database optimiser may then choose an index-based access path for suitable queries.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Common trade-offs:<\/strong> Indexes consume storage space and can add work to inserts, updates and deletes because the index structures may also need to be maintained. Too many or poorly selected indexes can increase costs without improving important queries.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An index also does not guarantee that the database will use it. For some queries, a full table scan may be more efficient.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Explain why you would examine query execution plans and measure performance before recommending an index. Be prepared to discuss composite indexes and how column order can affect their usefulness.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">25. What Is the Difference Between LEFT JOIN and RIGHT JOIN?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> <code>LEFT OUTER JOIN<\/code> returns all rows from the left input and matching rows from the right input. <code>RIGHT OUTER JOIN<\/code> returns all rows from the right input and matching rows from the left input.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When a row on the preserved side has no matching row on the other side, the result includes null values for the missing side&rsquo;s columns.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Aspect<\/th><th>LEFT JOIN<\/th><th>RIGHT JOIN<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Preserved side<\/td><td>All rows from the left input<\/td><td>All rows from the right input<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Matching rows<\/td><td>Returns matching right-side rows<\/td><td>Returns matching left-side rows<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Unmatched rows<\/td><td>Unmatched left-side rows remain<\/td><td>Unmatched right-side rows remain<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Alternative formulation<\/td><td>Can often be expressed as a RIGHT JOIN by swapping inputs<\/td><td>Can often be expressed as a LEFT JOIN by swapping inputs<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>LEFT JOIN example:<\/strong> Retrieve all customers, including those without orders.<\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SELECT\n    c.customer_id,\n    c.customer_name,\n    o.order_id\nFROM customers AS c\nLEFT JOIN orders AS o\n    ON c.customer_id = o.customer_id;<\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Every customer appears in the result at least once. Customers with no matching order have a null value for <code>order_id<\/code>.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>RIGHT JOIN example:<\/strong><\/p><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SELECT\n    c.customer_id,\n    o.order_id\nFROM customers AS c\nRIGHT JOIN orders AS o\n    ON c.customer_id = o.customer_id;<\/code><\/pre><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This query preserves all rows from <code>orders<\/code>. Whether any order lacks a matching customer depends on the data and the applicable database constraints.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important distinction:<\/strong> Adding a filter on the non-preserved table in the <code>WHERE<\/code> clause can exclude unmatched rows, effectively changing which results remain. Filter placement in outer joins therefore matters.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Explain joins using sample data, including unmatched records. Also be aware that a one-to-many relationship can produce multiple output rows for one row on the preserved side.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">26. What Is a Stored Procedure in a Database?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> A stored procedure is a named program unit maintained within a database system that can execute supported database operations. Depending on the database product, procedures can accept parameters, contain control-flow logic and perform multiple operations.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Stored procedures are not necessarily single saved SQL queries. They may contain multiple statements and procedural logic.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Illustrative example:<\/strong> A database might provide a stored procedure that validates an order identifier, updates the relevant order status and records an audit event within an appropriate transaction.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Potential benefits include centralising selected business operations, reducing repeated application-side SQL and controlling access to specific database operations.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Limitations:<\/strong> Stored procedures can increase database-specific dependencies, complicate application testing and create performance or maintainability concerns if poorly designed.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Distinguish stored procedures from database views, functions and prepared statements. Their capabilities, transaction rules and invocation syntax differ between database systems.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Infosys Computer Networks and Software Testing Interview Questions<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Computer networking and software testing questions help assess how candidates understand communication between systems and how software behaviour is validated.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For software development, infrastructure, support and testing positions, interviewers may ask foundational questions about connections, transport protocols, development processes and testing approaches.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">27. What Is the Difference Between a Session and a Socket?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> A socket is an operating-system and networking abstraction used by applications to send or receive data through supported communication interfaces. A session is a broader concept representing an ongoing interaction or associated application state.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example, a web application may establish an authenticated user session that persists across multiple HTTP requests. Those requests may use different network connections or sockets over time.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Aspect<\/th><th>Socket<\/th><th>Session<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Primary meaning<\/td><td>Communication endpoint or interface<\/td><td>Logical interaction or associated state<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Typical layer<\/td><td>Networking and operating-system interfaces<\/td><td>Application or protocol-specific interaction management<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Example<\/td><td>A TCP socket used for communication with a server<\/td><td>A user&rsquo;s authenticated website session<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Lifetime<\/td><td>Depends on the communication mechanism and application<\/td><td>Depends on the session&rsquo;s rules, expiration and application state<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important distinction:<\/strong> A session is not always tied to one socket, and a socket does not automatically establish an authenticated user session. The precise meaning of session varies across applications and protocols.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Use the example of a web login to explain the difference between application session state and the underlying network connections.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">28. What Is the Difference Between TCP and UDP?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) provides a connection-oriented, reliable, ordered byte stream. User Datagram Protocol (UDP) provides a connectionless datagram service without built-in guarantees of delivery, ordering or duplicate prevention.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Aspect<\/th><th>TCP<\/th><th>UDP<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Communication model<\/td><td>Connection-oriented byte stream<\/td><td>Connectionless datagrams<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Delivery<\/td><td>Uses acknowledgements and retransmission to support reliable delivery while the connection remains viable<\/td><td>No built-in retransmission or delivery guarantee<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ordering<\/td><td>Delivers bytes in order<\/td><td>Datagrams may arrive out of order<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Flow and congestion control<\/td><td>Includes relevant control mechanisms<\/td><td>Not supplied by UDP itself<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Message boundaries<\/td><td>Does not preserve application message boundaries<\/td><td>Preserves datagram boundaries<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Common uses<\/td><td>Many HTTP and application protocols, database connections and file transfers<\/td><td>DNS queries, selected real-time applications and protocols such as QUIC<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Example:<\/strong> A file-transfer application may use TCP because it needs an ordered stream of data. A real-time application may use UDP when the application benefits from controlling how delayed or lost datagrams are handled.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important distinction:<\/strong> UDP does not automatically make every application faster, and UDP-based applications can implement their own reliability and congestion-control mechanisms. HTTP\/3, for example, uses QUIC over UDP rather than TCP.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TCP also cannot guarantee delivery under every possible network failure. It provides reliable transport semantics while the communication can be maintained, and applications must handle connection failures appropriately.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Explain the differences in delivery guarantees, ordering, connection behaviour and message boundaries rather than reducing the comparison to &ldquo;TCP is slow and UDP is fast.&rdquo;<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">29. What Is the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a structured approach to planning, developing, testing, deploying and maintaining software systems.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The specific stages and their sequence depend on the development methodology. Common activities include:<\/p><ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Requirements:<\/strong> Identify user needs, functional requirements and relevant constraints.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Design:<\/strong> Define architecture, data structures, interfaces and other design decisions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Implementation:<\/strong> Develop the software and related components.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Testing:<\/strong> Evaluate whether the implementation behaves as expected.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Deployment:<\/strong> Release the software into the appropriate environment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Maintenance:<\/strong> Monitor, correct and improve the software after release.<\/li>\n<\/ol><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Illustrative scenario:<\/strong> A team building an online appointment-booking application first defines booking rules, designs the required database and interface, implements the functionality, tests expected and unexpected scenarios, and deploys the application.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In iterative development, these activities may happen repeatedly rather than once in a strict sequence. Security, documentation and quality assurance should be considered throughout the development process, not only at the end.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Distinguish SDLC activities from particular methodologies such as Waterfall or Agile. A methodology influences how development work is organised but does not eliminate the need for requirements, implementation and validation.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">30. What Is the Difference Between White-Box and Black-Box Testing?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> White-box testing examines software with knowledge of its internal code or structure. Black-box testing evaluates externally observable behaviour against specified requirements without requiring knowledge of the implementation.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Aspect<\/th><th>White-Box Testing<\/th><th>Black-Box Testing<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Primary focus<\/td><td>Internal logic, paths and implementation structure<\/td><td>Inputs, outputs and externally observable behaviour<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Knowledge required<\/td><td>Knowledge of the relevant implementation<\/td><td>Knowledge of expected behaviour and requirements<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Typical techniques<\/td><td>Statement coverage, branch coverage and path-oriented analysis<\/td><td>Equivalence partitioning, boundary-value analysis and functional scenarios<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Example<\/td><td>Testing branches inside a price-calculation function<\/td><td>Checking whether the function returns the correct price for valid and invalid inputs<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Main limitation<\/td><td>Internal coverage does not prove the system meets all user requirements<\/td><td>External tests may miss implementation defects not exposed by selected inputs<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Example:<\/strong> Suppose a registration form rejects users younger than the permitted minimum age. A black-box test might check inputs just below, at and above the age threshold. A white-box test might examine whether all relevant conditional branches in the validation code are exercised.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important distinction:<\/strong> White-box testing is not automatically slower, and black-box testing is not always easier. Effort depends on system complexity, test objectives, tools and the extent of coverage required.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Explain why both approaches can complement each other. Test coverage metrics are useful indicators, but high coverage alone does not prove that software is correct.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Infosys System Design Interview Questions<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">System design questions assess how candidates translate requirements into technical architecture. Such discussions may be more relevant to experienced engineering and specialised development positions, although freshers can benefit from understanding basic design decisions.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before proposing a solution, clarify the expected workload, reliability objectives, data consistency requirements, security needs and operating constraints. The examples below are illustrative system design exercises, not verified records of questions asked in a particular Infosys interview.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">31. How Would You Design a Scalable Login System for Millions of Users?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Begin by defining the expected traffic, authentication requirements, geographic distribution, availability objectives and security constraints. A system supporting millions of registered accounts is not necessarily receiving millions of simultaneous login requests.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A practical architecture may include the following components:<\/p><ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Client and API layer:<\/strong> Receive login requests over appropriately secured connections and validate request formats.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Load balancing:<\/strong> Distribute eligible traffic across available authentication-service instances.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Authentication service:<\/strong> Validate credentials, apply account security policies and issue sessions or supported authentication tokens.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Identity data store:<\/strong> Store account information and password verifiers using an appropriate database and access-control model.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Session management:<\/strong> Maintain suitable session state, expiration and revocation mechanisms according to the authentication design.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Abuse prevention:<\/strong> Apply appropriate login throttling, account-protection measures and monitoring for suspicious activity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Resilience:<\/strong> Design for service failures, database availability, capacity changes and recovery from incidents.<\/li>\n<\/ol><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Password security:<\/strong> Passwords should not be stored as plaintext or using reversible encryption as the primary password-storage mechanism. Instead, use an appropriate password-hashing function such as Argon2id or another suitable supported scheme, with appropriate salts and parameters.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Security controls:<\/strong> Depending on requirements, the design may also include multifactor authentication, secure session cookies, protection against credential stuffing, audit logs and procedures for password resets and account recovery.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Session considerations:<\/strong> A signed token and a server-side session are different implementation approaches. Not every JSON Web Token must be stored in Redis, and caching authentication decisions requires careful handling of expiration, revocation and sensitive information.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Scalability trade-off:<\/strong> Adding more application instances may help with traffic, but database contention, password-verification cost, external identity-provider limits and rate-limiting policies can still become bottlenecks. Capacity decisions should be based on measured traffic patterns.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Explain how authentication, authorisation and session management differ. Describe how you would test the system under normal traffic, sudden spikes, partial failures and suspicious login activity.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Technical reference:<\/strong> The <a href=\"https:\/\/cheatsheetseries.owasp.org\/cheatsheets\/Password_Storage_Cheat_Sheet.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">OWASP Password Storage Cheat Sheet<\/a> explains established password-hashing practices and related security considerations.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">32. How Do You Maintain Data Consistency in a Distributed Microservices Architecture?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Data consistency becomes more complex when independently deployed services own separate databases and coordinate operations over a network. A single transaction may not be able to cover every participating service.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The appropriate consistency model depends on the business operation. Some workflows can tolerate delayed updates, while others require stronger guarantees before an action can be completed.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Illustrative scenario:<\/strong> An e-commerce application contains separate services for orders, inventory and payments. When a customer places an order, the system must coordinate inventory reservation, payment handling and order-state changes.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Common design approaches include:<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Mechanism<\/th><th>Purpose<\/th><th>Important Consideration<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Local database transactions<\/td><td>Maintain consistency within an individual service&rsquo;s supported transaction boundary<\/td><td>Do not automatically coordinate separate service databases<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Saga pattern<\/td><td>Coordinate a business workflow through multiple local transactions<\/td><td>Failures may require compensating actions; compensation is not always a simple reversal<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Transactional outbox<\/td><td>Record an intended event alongside a local business change within a suitable transaction<\/td><td>Publishing may still be retried, so consumers should handle repeated events<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Idempotency<\/td><td>Prevent retries from creating unintended repeated business effects<\/td><td>Requires stable identifiers and appropriate handling of concurrent requests<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Reconciliation<\/td><td>Detect and resolve differences between related service states<\/td><td>Needs defined ownership, rules and operational monitoring<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Example:<\/strong> If inventory is reserved successfully but payment fails, a saga may initiate a compensating action to release the reservation. The exact response must consider whether the inventory reservation can still be released and what happens if the compensation itself fails.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Eventual consistency:<\/strong> Some operations permit related services to converge on an agreed state after updates propagate. However, eventual consistency does not mean that delayed data automatically becomes correct without reliable processing, conflict-handling rules and recovery mechanisms.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Clarify which information must be immediately consistent and where temporary differences are acceptable. Discuss duplicate events, message ordering, service failures and recovery before recommending a particular pattern.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">33. What Are the Trade-Offs Between Monolithic and Microservices Architectures?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> A monolithic architecture generally deploys major application components together as one application unit. A microservices architecture divides the system into services that can be developed, deployed and operated with greater independence.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Neither approach is universally better. The appropriate choice depends on system complexity, team size, operational capabilities, reliability requirements and the boundaries between business functions.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Decision Factor<\/th><th>Monolithic Architecture<\/th><th>Microservices Architecture<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Deployment<\/td><td>Major components are commonly deployed together<\/td><td>Services can often be deployed independently<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Initial complexity<\/td><td>Can be simpler for small, cohesive applications<\/td><td>Introduces service communication and distributed operations<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Scaling<\/td><td>May require scaling the larger application unit<\/td><td>Selected services can be scaled independently<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Data management<\/td><td>Can use a shared transaction boundary where appropriate<\/td><td>May require coordination between independently owned datasets<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Communication<\/td><td>Many interactions can occur within the same process<\/td><td>Network calls and messaging introduce latency and failure conditions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Testing<\/td><td>Cross-component behaviour can be tested within one deployment<\/td><td>Requires appropriate contract, integration and end-to-end testing across services<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Operations<\/td><td>May involve fewer deployed components<\/td><td>Often needs more extensive monitoring, deployment automation and service coordination<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Illustrative scenario:<\/strong> A small team building an internal appointment-management application may choose a modular monolith to reduce operational complexity. A large platform with distinct business domains and independent deployment requirements may benefit from well-defined services.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important distinction:<\/strong> A monolith is not automatically poorly designed, and microservices do not guarantee fault isolation. Failure in one service can still affect dependent services through timeouts, retries, shared infrastructure or unavailable downstream functionality.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Migration considerations:<\/strong> Breaking a monolith into microservices requires more than separating code into repositories. Teams must consider data ownership, API contracts, observability, deployment processes, security and distributed consistency.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Explain when a modular monolith may be preferable and which concrete requirements could justify microservices. Architectural choices should follow business and technical needs rather than technology trends.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Infosys HR Interview Questions and Sample Answers<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Infosys HR interview questions may cover career motivation, educational background, communication, professional strengths, flexibility and the candidate&rsquo;s understanding of the advertised position. Depending on the hiring process, these subjects may be discussed in a separate HR round or alongside technical questions.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following six questions include illustrative answers for freshers and early-career applicants. Candidates should adapt each response to their actual qualifications, interests and availability. The questions are preparation examples, not a verified list used in every Infosys interview.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">34. Why Do You Want to Join Infosys?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What interviewers may assess:<\/strong> Your knowledge of the company, reasons for applying and understanding of how the advertised position relates to your career interests.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sample answer:<\/strong> &ldquo;I want to join Infosys because I am interested in working in technology services and developing my skills through practical projects. I understand that Infosys works across areas such as software development, cloud technologies, consulting and digital transformation. The position I have applied for matches my interest in programming and problem-solving. I would like to contribute to the assigned work while learning the technologies and processes relevant to my role.&rdquo;<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Why this answer works:<\/strong> The response connects identifiable areas of Infosys&rsquo;s business with the candidate&rsquo;s professional interests. It does not assume that every employee receives the same training, project assignment or career opportunities.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>How to personalise your answer:<\/strong> Review the job description and identify the actual responsibilities. A candidate applying for a software development position might discuss programming and application development, while someone applying for infrastructure support might focus on systems, troubleshooting and operational reliability.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Avoid relying only on statements such as &ldquo;Infosys is my dream company&rdquo; or &ldquo;It is a multinational company.&rdquo; Explain why this particular opportunity is relevant to your skills and interests.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">35. Tell Me About Yourself<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What interviewers may assess:<\/strong> Your ability to introduce your educational or professional background, identify relevant skills and communicate information in a logical sequence.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For a fresher, a self-introduction can include educational qualifications, a genuine project or internship, technical skills and the reason for applying. It should complement the resume rather than repeat every detail listed in it.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Illustrative sample answer:<\/strong> &ldquo;I recently completed my bachelor&rsquo;s degree in computer science. During my studies, I worked on projects involving Java, SQL and database management. One of my academic assignments involved developing a simple application that stored and retrieved information from a relational database. Through this work, I improved my programming, debugging and teamwork skills. I am now looking for an entry-level software development opportunity where I can apply these fundamentals and continue learning.&rdquo;<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Why this answer works:<\/strong> The introduction follows a clear sequence from education to relevant experience, technical skills and career objectives.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important:<\/strong> The degree, technologies and project in this sample are illustrative. Replace them with your actual background. Do not claim to have built a Java application or completed an internship unless you genuinely did so.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Prepare a concise introduction of approximately one minute, then adjust its length according to the interviewer&rsquo;s instructions. Be ready to discuss any project, skill or achievement you mention.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">36. What Are Your Strengths and Weaknesses?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What interviewers may assess:<\/strong> Self-awareness, the relevance of your strengths to the position and whether you take practical steps to improve areas where you are less confident.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sample answer:<\/strong> &ldquo;One of my strengths is structured problem-solving. When I encounter a technical issue, I try to understand the cause, break the problem into smaller parts and test possible solutions. I also value teamwork and am comfortable discussing different approaches before making a decision.&rdquo;<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&ldquo;An area I have been improving is estimating how much time unfamiliar tasks will require. Earlier, I sometimes underestimated the effort involved in debugging. I now break larger tasks into smaller steps, allow time for testing and communicate potential delays earlier.&rdquo;<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Why this answer works:<\/strong> The candidate explains relevant strengths and describes a realistic limitation together with an improvement method.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Use examples from work you have actually completed. Avoid saying that you have no weaknesses, and do not automatically present perfectionism as a weakness unless it genuinely describes an issue you are addressing.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">37. Do You Have Any Questions for Us?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What interviewers may assess:<\/strong> Your engagement with the opportunity, understanding of the advertised role and interest in making an informed employment decision.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sample answer:<\/strong> &ldquo;Yes, I would like to understand the main responsibilities of this position during the initial months. Could you explain the technologies or technical skills that would be most important for someone joining this team? I would also be interested in knowing how new employees receive feedback on their work.&rdquo;<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Why this answer works:<\/strong> The questions are directly connected to the role and help the candidate understand actual expectations without assuming that a specific training programme or project assignment is guaranteed.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Depending on what has already been discussed, candidates may also ask about the next recruitment stage, the expected work location or relevant joining arrangements.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Avoid asking questions that were already answered clearly in the interview. If the recruiter invites questions about compensation or employment conditions, it is reasonable to seek clarification professionally.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">38. Are You Comfortable Working Night Shifts or Flexible Hours?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What interviewers may assess:<\/strong> Whether your availability is compatible with the schedule required for the particular position.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Infosys provides services to clients operating in different locations and time zones. However, this does not mean every Infosys position requires night shifts. Working arrangements depend on the team, project and job requirements.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sample answer if you are available for rotational shifts:<\/strong> &ldquo;I understand that some projects may require coordination with teams or clients in different time zones. I am comfortable with rotational shifts if they are part of the position&rsquo;s agreed working arrangements. I would like to confirm the shift schedule and applicable workplace policies before joining.&rdquo;<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Alternative answer if you have restrictions:<\/strong> &ldquo;I am comfortable with the working hours specified in the vacancy, but I have some limitations regarding regular overnight shifts. I would appreciate clarification about the schedule so I can confirm whether I can meet the position&rsquo;s requirements.&rdquo;<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Why these answers work:<\/strong> Both responses communicate genuine availability rather than promising unlimited flexibility solely to improve the chances of selection.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Ask whether the position involves fixed, rotational, weekend or overnight schedules where this information is not already clear. Consider location, commuting arrangements and relevant employment conditions before accepting an offer.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">39. Why Should We Hire You?<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What interviewers may assess:<\/strong> Your ability to connect genuine skills, qualifications and relevant experiences with the responsibilities of the advertised position.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sample answer:<\/strong> &ldquo;I believe my programming fundamentals, willingness to learn and approach to solving problems make me a suitable candidate for this entry-level position. During my studies, I developed experience with programming assignments and worked with classmates to complete projects. I try to understand requirements carefully, test my work and improve when I receive feedback. If selected, I would focus on learning the team&rsquo;s processes and contributing responsibly to the tasks assigned to me.&rdquo;<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Why this answer works:<\/strong> It connects relevant technical and professional abilities with reasonable entry-level expectations, without claiming that the candidate is better than other applicants.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>For experienced applicants:<\/strong> A stronger response would usually include a specific professional achievement, the candidate&rsquo;s contribution and its relevance to the new position. Any outcome described should be accurate and verifiable.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interview tip:<\/strong> Identify two or three actual requirements in the job description and explain how your background relates to them. Avoid generic promises that you will always exceed targets or deliver results without understanding the project.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Infosys Fresher Salary: What Candidates Should Know<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Infosys fresher salary packages vary according to the job role, recruitment programme, compensation structure and applicable offer conditions.<\/strong> A single salary figure should not be treated as the standard package for every entry-level position.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Technical roles, specialised engineering positions, consulting-related opportunities and business process roles may have different compensation structures. An offer may include fixed salary, variable pay or other applicable components, depending on its terms.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Salary figures published online may refer to different job roles, recruitment years or compensation structures. Candidates should verify the package associated with their specific offer rather than treating a general average as the salary for every Infosys fresher position.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Should Freshers Evaluate an Infosys Salary Offer?<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Compensation Element<\/th><th>What to Verify<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Annual CTC<\/td><td>Total annual employer compensation as defined in the offer<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Fixed compensation<\/td><td>Components paid according to the agreed salary structure<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Variable compensation<\/td><td>Whether any amount depends on performance, eligibility or other conditions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Monthly take-home pay<\/td><td>Estimated amount after applicable deductions and adjustments<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Benefits and contributions<\/td><td>Applicable insurance, retirement contributions and other included components<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Joining and employment conditions<\/td><td>Relevant joining date, work location, probation conditions and other written terms<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>CTC and take-home salary are not identical.<\/strong> The amount credited to an employee&rsquo;s bank account depends on the salary structure and applicable deductions, including taxes and employee contributions where relevant.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Candidates should use their actual offer letter and official recruitment communications to verify compensation rather than relying on estimates associated with a different role or hiring cycle.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to Prepare for an Infosys Interview<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Infosys interview preparation should be based on the position&rsquo;s requirements and the stages confirmed in the recruitment communication. Candidates applying for software development roles may need substantial programming practice, while infrastructure, testing, consulting and other positions can require different technical preparation.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Understand the Job Description Before Choosing Topics<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Read the advertised responsibilities carefully and identify the required programming languages, technologies, experience level and technical skills. Prioritise those subjects instead of assuming that every candidate will face the same questions.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example, a position focused on Java development may require deeper preparation in Java, OOP, collections and databases than a position focused primarily on infrastructure monitoring or technical support.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Revise Programming and Computer Science Fundamentals<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For technical roles, useful subjects may include variables, control flow, functions, object-oriented programming, arrays, strings, data structures, algorithms, database concepts and SQL.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Focus on understanding how concepts work. For instance, candidates studying inheritance should understand not only its definition but also how it behaves in the programming language they are using.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Use short code examples to test assumptions about parameter passing, variable scope, pointer behaviour, exception handling and other concepts relevant to the role.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Practise Writing and Explaining Code<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If your assessment includes coding, practise solving problems in a permitted programming language. Work on correctness before attempting optimisation, and confirm that your solutions handle relevant edge cases.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After solving a problem, practise explaining the algorithm, the selected data structure and its time and space complexity. Interviewers may ask why you chose one approach over another.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Illustrative exercise:<\/strong> Write a function to find the first non-repeating character in a string. Consider how the solution handles an empty string, repeated characters and different character representations.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The purpose is to develop problem-solving skills, not to memorise a list of answers without understanding their implementation.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Review Your Academic or Professional Projects<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Candidates should be prepared to explain the work mentioned in their resume. For a technical project, this includes the problem being addressed, technologies selected, individual responsibilities, architecture and main challenges.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A structured project explanation can cover the following points:<\/p><ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Project objective:<\/strong> What problem was the application or system intended to solve?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Your contribution:<\/strong> Which components did you personally develop, test or maintain?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Technology choices:<\/strong> Why were particular languages, libraries or databases used?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Technical challenges:<\/strong> What difficulties arose, and how did you investigate them?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Validation:<\/strong> How did you test whether the project met its requirements?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Limitations:<\/strong> What would you improve if you continued developing the project?<\/li>\n<\/ol><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do not claim ownership of work completed by other team members. If the project was academic or illustrative, describe it accurately rather than presenting it as a production system.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Prepare for Behavioural and HR Questions<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prepare genuine examples involving teamwork, learning from feedback, meeting deadlines and solving problems. Freshers can use college assignments, internships, extracurricular activities or other relevant experiences.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>Situation, Task, Action and Result (STAR)<\/strong> structure can help organise answers to behavioural questions. Explain the context, your responsibility, what you did and what happened.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For questions about availability, relocation or working hours, answer according to your actual circumstances. Do not promise arrangements you cannot reliably meet.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Confirm Interview Instructions and Recruitment Authenticity<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before an assessment or interview, verify the scheduled time, location, platform, identification requirements and any instructions about permitted resources or programming languages.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For online interviews, test the microphone, camera if required and internet connection. Ensure that your surroundings allow you to communicate without unnecessary interruptions.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Recruitment safety:<\/strong> Be cautious about unexpected requests for recruitment fees, account passwords, one-time passwords or sensitive financial details. Verify suspicious communications through legitimate company recruitment channels before responding.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Common Mistakes to Avoid in Infosys Interviews<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Several preparation mistakes can make it difficult for candidates to demonstrate their knowledge, particularly when an interviewer asks follow-up questions or requests an explanation of practical work.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Common Mistake<\/th><th>Why It Matters<\/th><th>Better Approach<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Memorising technical definitions<\/td><td>Follow-up questions may require explanation or implementation<\/td><td>Practise examples and understand underlying concepts<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ignoring the job description<\/td><td>Preparation may focus on subjects unrelated to the actual position<\/td><td>Prioritise the advertised technical requirements<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Claiming unfamiliar technologies<\/td><td>Interviewers may ask for demonstrations or project examples<\/td><td>Represent skills and experience accurately<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Weak project explanations<\/td><td>Individual contributions and technical decisions remain unclear<\/td><td>Explain responsibilities, design choices and limitations<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Skipping code testing<\/td><td>Solutions may fail on boundary values or unexpected inputs<\/td><td>Test representative cases and review complexity<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Guessing technical answers confidently<\/td><td>Incorrect assumptions can lead to further errors<\/td><td>State what you know, identify uncertainty and reason carefully<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Neglecting communication<\/td><td>Good technical ideas may be difficult to follow<\/td><td>Explain the approach before describing implementation details<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Assuming all recruitment programmes are identical<\/td><td>Eligibility, assessment formats and hiring stages may differ<\/td><td>Follow the instructions for the specific vacancy<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For coding questions, candidates should avoid explaining complex optimisation techniques before establishing that their initial solution is correct. A clear, working approach with an accurate complexity analysis is a useful starting point.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For project discussions, it is better to explain a modest project accurately than to claim experience with a large system that you cannot describe or demonstrate.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Reapplication policies:<\/strong> The waiting period, if any, after an unsuccessful Infosys application should be confirmed through current official recruitment instructions. A universal six-month restriction should not be assumed for every position or hiring programme.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Final Preparation Checklist<\/h2><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before an Infosys interview, test your preparation against the role you have applied for. <\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Can you write and explain a working solution in your preferred programming language? <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Can you discuss your academic or professional projects without relying on memorised descriptions? <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Can you explain core concepts such as inheritance, SQL joins and data structures when an interviewer changes the example?<\/li>\n<\/ul><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Focus your remaining preparation on the questions you cannot yet answer confidently. Review the recruitment instructions for your specific position, and keep your resume, project explanations and HR responses consistent with your actual experience. The aim is to demonstrate what you understand and how you approach unfamiliar problems, not to memorise all 39 answers.<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Infosys interview questions and answers can cover programming fundamentals, object-oriented programming, C and C++, data structures, DBMS, SQL, computer networks, software testing and HR discussions. The subjects assessed depend on the position, hiring programme and the candidate&rsquo;s academic or professional background.For freshers applying to technical roles, preparation may involve coding exercises, fundamental computer science concepts &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foundit.in\/career-advice\/infosys-company-interview-questions\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Infosys Interview Questions and Answers: Technical &amp; HR (2026)<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":51178,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[147],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51169","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-interview-questions"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.foundit.in\/career-advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51169","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.foundit.in\/career-advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.foundit.in\/career-advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.foundit.in\/career-advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.foundit.in\/career-advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51169"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.foundit.in\/career-advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51169\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":55744,"href":"https:\/\/www.foundit.in\/career-advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51169\/revisions\/55744"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.foundit.in\/career-advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/51178"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.foundit.in\/career-advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51169"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.foundit.in\/career-advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51169"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.foundit.in\/career-advice\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51169"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}